Key areas for the development of innovative processes towards comprehensive IT solutions and the development of related markets have been identified. Emphasis is placed on the state support system for the R&D market, highlighting the basic characteristics of key funds subsidizing R&D activities. It is noted that in Russia, the transport industry is significantly influenced by the “RZD” holding. A proposed approach for the accelerated development of its digital transformation considers a systematic mechanism for attracting external investments at various stages of the innovation project’s lifecycle, including during preliminary research and development.

A scientific analysis of existing approaches to defining safety assurance in the railway transport sector is conducted. Based on this, a new legal category “railway safety assurance” is proposed for consideration. The need to develop and introduce this concept into science is argued by its potential to create a platform for scientific research and provide a foundation for developing effective strategies and policies in railway safety.

An overview of the implementation experience of technical vision and artificial intelligence based on video data processing in the transport sector and urban road management is presented. The purpose, technical characteristics, functionality, and results of the pilot operation of the “Safety at Railway Crossings” software and hardware complex (PAK “SOKOL”) are considered, including the possibility of scaling and development prospects, as well as the economic effect of the system’s implementation.

As an innovative project, the pooling process is studied. The technology of its implementation and the legal regulation of pooling relationships in transport operations are examined. The study is based on comparative legal analysis, systematization of economic data, and the construction of logical conclusions regarding the economic efficiency and feasibility ofimplementing pooling in the current economic situation in Russia.

The relevance of the research is due to the specifics of seaports’ activities, which influence the industrial production development in many regions of the country. The dynamics of cargo handling in Russian seaports from 2020 to 2023 are analyzed. An assessment of achieving interim target indicators planned in the Strategy for the Development of Russia’s Marine Port Infrastructure until 2030 is given. Economic and administrative barriers to market entry are identified.

The impact of the dynamics of the average transportation distance indicator on the dynamics of the required fleet of freight cars is described. The influence of average transportation distance on cargo turnover and the turnover rate of freight cars in the operational fleet is traced. It is shown that the growth of the wagon fleet was a natural market response to the increase in wagon turnover.

The results of research on the problems of interaction, coordination, and synchronization of various transport modes in organizing multimodal transportation and the justification of cargo delivery schemes to consumers are presented. Schemes for delivering petroleum products to points along the Arctic rivers of Yakutia through the Yakutsk transport hub (Nizhny Bestyakh) and exporting Kuzbass coal to India via the Yenisei with an exit through the Northern Sea Route to the destination point are recommended.

Using the example of three stations of the Moscow Metro Big Circle Line, put into operation in 2023 and intersecting existing radial lines, the application of scientific and technical support for construction, first introduced into the normative documents for subways, is shown. Specially developed measures are considered, taking into account the forecasted impact of construction, the technical condition of structures, construction methods, and engineering-geological conditions of construction.

Modeling was conducted to determine the degree of influence on the accumulation of contact fatigue defects by factors such as track gauge width, cant, and the use of the UIC 60 rail profile on the inner track in small radius curves. It was found that for a gauge width of 1540 mm with usage close to 100 million gross tons, the frequency of increased contact pressures rises, contributing to faster rail damage accumulation. The application of the UIC 60 rail profile instead of the R65 according to GOST 51685-22 does not significantly affect the normal pressures in the “wheel-rail” contact area and is an ineffective method to reduce the rate of accumulation of contact fatigue defects on the running surface of the inner rail in small radius curves. Larger cant values contribute to the most rapid accumulation of contact fatigue defects on the rail surface.

The problem of calculating structural reserves, which the consumer is forced to create due to uneven cargo flows, is considered. The interaction of producer, transport, and consumer is proposed to be viewed as a single system where rhythm coordination occurs. With synchronized flow supply, consumer structural reserves decrease. In this case, operational stability is ensured by adaptability. The reduction of necessary reserves without loss of stability is qualified as the emergence of dynamic reserves. A mathematical model for their calculation is proposed. The effect of dynamic reserves must be considered when constructing transport infrastructure.

The use of long-base platform cars (over 19 m) allows for the expansion of the range of transported goods, including long-length metal products and containers of various types. Depending on the wagon’s specialization, additional equipment in the form of vertical posts and movable end walls for securing the cargo along the frame length may be installed on the body. The study presents the results of computer modeling to assess the impact of platform load degree, end wall placement on the wagon frame, and the own vibration modes of the frame and cargo (in case of transporting metal products) on the dynamic characteristics of the wagon.

With the continuous development of intelligent shipbuilding, more sensor data is added to the diagnosis of ship systems. The vast amount of information and the complex operating environment of the vessel impose increased requirements on engine operation monitoring. In this regard, the possibilities of using machine learning methods to determine the operational state of ship power plants are considered.